Galvanizing yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov hlau kom tsis txhob xeb. Yeej ib txwm muaj, ib qhochav dej galvanizingyog lub lauj kaub loj ntawm cov zinc molten siv los pleev xim rau cov khoom hlau. Thaum cov hlau huv raug muab tso rau hauv lub dab dej no, cov zinc sai sai txuas rau ntawm qhov chaw, tsim cov khoom ruaj khov, tiv taus xeb. Galvanizing tau muaj ntau tshaj 150 xyoo, tab sis nws tseem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab zoo rau ib puag ncig. Qhov tseeb, nws feem ntau raug hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv xeb zoo tshaj plaws rau ib puag ncig. Qhov tshwm sim yog hlau uas tuaj yeem nyob tau ntau xyoo sab nraum zoov nrog kev saib xyuas tsawg kawg nkaus. Hauv qab no peb rhuav tshem cov kauj ruam-rau-kauj ruam li cas ib feem hlau mus los ntawm cov hlau qub plua plav mus rau zinc-armored, hauv lub dab dej galvanizing.
Dab tsi yog Galvanizing Da Dej?
Lub dab dej galvanizing tsuas yog lub thawv ntawm cov zinc molten uas tau rhaub kom txog li 450 ° C (842 ° F). Cov khoom hlau raug txo qis rau hauv cov zinc kub no, uas zoo li cov hlau kua nyiaj. Thaum lub sijhawm immersion, cov zinc reacts nrog hlau hauv cov hlau, tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas metallurgical ntawm zinc thiab hlau. Hauv kev xyaum, cov tuam txhab feem ntau hu qhov no uakub-dip galvanizingtxheej txheem - txhais tau tias muab hlau rau hauv zinc "kub" (yaj).
Txoj kev no zoo heev. Feem ntau cov zinc da dej yog khaws cia ntau tshaj 98% zinc ntshiab, thiab cov tshuab conveyor lossis crane ua tib zoo tig cov hlau kom cov zinc tuaj yeem dej nyab txhua lub ces kaum ntawm qhov. Txawm tias cov duab khoob lossis cov raj puv nrog zinc, yog li sab hauv tau coated nrog rau sab nraud. Raws li ib phau ntawv qhia kev lag luam hais tias, hot-dip galvanizing yog ib qho txheej txheem "tag nrho immersion" - hlau yog tag nrho submerged thiab zinc txheejtag nrhosab hauv thiab sab nraud. Cov hlau raug tsa ob peb feeb tom qab nrog daim tawv hlau ci ntsa iab tshiab rau ntawm nws.
Cov Txheej Txheem Kub-Dip Galvanizing (Pib Mus Txog Thaum Tiav)
Cov txheej txheem galvanizing muaj ntau theem tseem ceeb. Txhua theem yuav tsum ua tib zoo, vim tias zinc tsuas yog yuav lo rau ntawm qhov chaw huv si. Feem ntau, cov kauj ruam yog:
Kev Ntxuav (Degreasing & Pickling):Ua ntej, cov hlau yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si kom tshem tawm cov roj, roj, thiab cov xeb xoob. Qhov no feem ntau yuav siv cov kua alkali kub (caustic) uas ua rau cov hlau tsis muaj roj. Tom qab ntawd, cov hlau yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub dab dej uas muaj kua qaub (feem ntau yog dilute sulfuric lossis hydrochloric acid) kom noj cov nplai thiab xeb. Tom qab pickling, cov av qias neeg, xim lossis slag yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm tes lossis los ntawm kev tua hluav taws. Hauv ntej, txhua yam khoom tsis huv yuav tsum ploj mus, vim tias zinc yuav tsis sib txuas nrog cov hlau qias neeg.
Kev ntws tawm:Ua ntej yuav galvanizing, cov hlau huv si raug muab tso rau hauv cov kua flux, feem ntau yog cov sib xyaw ntawm zinc ammonium chloride. Cov flux ntxuav cov oxide kawg thiab tiv thaiv kev oxidation tshiab ua ntej muab tso rau hauv. Hauv qee cov nroj tsuag, ib daim "flux blanket" nyias nyias txawm tias ntab saum lub dab dej zinc los pab tshem cov roj thaum nws nkag mus. Cov kauj ruam fluxing yog qhov tseem ceeb: nws ua kom cov zinc molten tuaj yeemntub dejcov hlau sib npaug zos.
Kev raus dej hauv lub dab dej zinc:Tam sim no los txog lub plawv ntawm cov txheej txheem. Cov hlau uas tau npaj lawm maj mam txo qis (feem ntau ntawm lub kaum sab xis) rau hauv lub lauj kaub zinc uas yaj, feem ntau tuav ntawm ~ 450 ° C. Daim duab hauv qab no qhia txog cov hlau nkag mus rau hauv lub dab dej zinc kub. Thaum cov hlau kov cov hlau ua kua, qhov kev ua haujlwm pib. Zinc pib sib xyaw nrog cov hlau nto, thiab cov zinc kua ntws ncig tag nrho qhov. Hauv lub dab dej, zinc thiab hlau tsim ntau txheej sib xyaw los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hlau. Thaum lub sijhawm no (feem ntau yog ob peb feeb), cov txheej txheej tsim kom txog rau nws qhov tuab. Ib txheej ntawmyajzinc lo rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau thiab tom qab ntawd txias los ua daim tawv nqaij sab nraud khov kho.
Daim Duab: Cov khoom hlau raug muab tso rau hauv lub dab dej kub galvanizing. Cov zinc uas yaj (cov nyiaj ua kua) sai sai npog cov hlau.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub Hoobkas ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub sijhawm ntawm kev muab cov khoom tso rau hauv dej. Rau feem ntau ntawm cov khoom, kev muab tso rau hauv dej li 4-5 feeb txaus. Cov khoom loj dua lossis cov khoom uas muaj cua sov yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua kom txog thaum kub tag nrho. Thaum cua sov dhau lawm, cov khoom yuav maj mam tsa tawm. Thaum nws nce, cov zinc ntau dhau yuav ntws tawm - qee zaum pab los ntawm kev co lossis tig daim. Lub plhaub nyias nyias ntawm zinc uas tseem tshuav yuav txias thiab tawv, feem ntau yuav muaj xim nyiaj ci ntsa iab rau sab nraud. Qhov tseeb, cov hlau galvanized tshiab feem ntau ci ntsa iab; tus yam ntxwv "spangle" lossis cov qauv zoo li snowflake ntawm cov zinc crystallized yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw thaum nws khov.
Txias (Passivation/Quenching):Tom qab rho tawm, cov hlau coated raug txias. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev txias cua yooj yim lossis los ntawm kev tua cov hlau kub hauv dej lossis lub dab da dej passivation tshuaj. Tsis tas yuav kho tshwj xeeb - cov zinc / hlau sib txuas twb khov kho lawm. Txhua txheej nyias nyias ntawm zinc oxide (xeb dawb) uas yuav tsim feem ntau tsuas yog nyob ib leeg lossis kho me ntsis. Tsis zoo li cov khoom pleev xim, cov hlau galvanized feem ntau xav tautsis muaj kev ua tiav ntxivrau kev ua haujlwm ntev.
Kev Tshuaj Xyuas:Kauj ruam kawg yog kev tshuaj xyuas sai thiab kev siv tshuab. Cov neeg tshuaj xyuas xyuas seb txhua qhov chaw puas tau coated thiab ntsuas qhov tuab. Vim tias zinc tsuas yog sib txuas rau cov hlau huv, cov chaw tsis zoo yooj yim pom (cov hlau liab qab zoo li ci). Cov ntsuas txheem ntsuas qhov tuab ntawm txheej kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua tau raws li cov lus qhia. Thaum lub sijhawm no cov hlau galvanized npaj txhij rau kev siv, lav tias yuav tiv taus xeb tau ntau xyoo.
Sab Hauv Da Dej: Metallurgy thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv
Qhov tseeb tiag uas tshwm sim rau cov hlau hauv cov zinc uas yaj yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke - thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov zog xav tsis thoob ntawm kev galvanizing. Thaum cov hlau kub nyob hauv lub dab dej, cov zinc atoms diffuse mus rau hauv hlau los tsim ntau cov intermetallic compounds. Lub Koom Haum American Galvanizers piav qhia qhov no nrog ib qho kev txiav: muaj ib txheej sab nraud ntawm cov zinc ntshiab (hu ua txheej eta) thiab hauv qab nws 3 txheej alloy tawv (hu ua gamma, delta, zeta) txoj cai ntawm qhov sib tshuam hlau. Qhov zoo kawg nkaus, cov txheej zinc-hlau alloy no yognyuaj dua li cov hlau tsis muaj zogPiv txwv li, cov khawb me me tsis yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv cov txheej txheej ntau txheej no. Hauv kev xyaum, cov txheej galvanized yog qhov ruaj khov heev thiab tiv taus kev txhuam.
Lwm qhov zoo tseem ceeb yog kev tiv thaiv cathodic (kev txi). Zinc muaj zog ntau dua li hlau. Hauv cov lus yooj yim, yog tias cov txheej txheem raug khawb rau cov hlau liab qab, cov zinc nyob ib puag ncig yuav nyiam xeb ua ntej, tiv thaiv cov hlau. Qhov tseeb, kev kub-dip galvanizing yog nto moo rau qhov no: ib qho chaw sau tseg tias txawm tias cov hlau liab qab (loj li ¼ nti) raug nthuav tawm hauv qhov khawb, "tsis muaj xeb yuav pib kom txog thaum tag nrho cov zinc nyob ib puag ncig raug noj". Qhov no txhais tau tias cov qhov me me tsis tas yuav pleev xim dua; cov zinc txi nws tus kheej dhau sijhawm.
Tau ntau xyoo los lawm, kev raug cua thiab nag ua rau zinc ua cov khoom tsis zoo (oxides, hydroxides, carbonates) - cov xim grey uas koj yuav pom ntawm cov hlau galvanized qub. Qhov no zinc patina maj mam tsim ib lub plhaub sab nraud uas tiv thaiv kev xeb ntxiv. Qhov tseeb, cov hlau galvanized uas tau raug huab cua tag nrho xeb qeeb dua li cov hlau liab qab li 30 npaug. Hauv kev xyaum, qhov no txhais tau tias cov txheej galvanized feem ntau kav ntev li 50-60 xyoo lossis ntau dua yam tsis tas yuav saib xyuas, nyob ntawm ib puag ncig.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo kawg ntawmKev kho kom zoo nkauj
Galvanizing muaj ntau yam "wow" uas koj yuav tsis xav tau los ntawm cov hlau yooj yim:
1. Kev Them Nqi Tag Nrho:Vim tias kev kub-dip galvanizing ua rau qhov khoom ntawd nkag mus rau hauv, nws txawm tias txheej sab hauv ntawm cov seem khoob thiab sab hauv ntawm cov raj. Cov xov thiab cov ces kaum zais tau zinc, tsis zoo li cov xim txhuam. Qhov kev nkag mus tag nrho no txhais tau tias xeb tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus los ntawm cov chaw tsis tau xav txog.
2. Kev Ruaj Ntseg Ua Tau Hauv:Cov txheej zinc-hlau yog cov tawv thiab tsis yooj yim puas. Hauv qee qhov kev sim, cov hlau galvanized txheej tau dhau lawmkaum zaugtsis yooj yim puas ntau dua li cov xim pleev ib txwm muaj. Cov txheej zinc sab nraud (eta) mos dua thiab yoog tau, ua rau tsis yooj yim rau kev cuam tshuam, thaum cov txheej alloy sab hauv nyuaj dua li hlau. Cov txheej sib txuas ntau txheej no txhais tau tias cov khoom galvanized tiv taus kev tuav thiab kev hnav tsis zoo.
3. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Kho Mob Tus Kheej (Cathodic):Raws li tau hais lawm, zinc yuav "txiav nws tus kheej" los tiv thaiv cov hlau. Cov khawb me me ntawm cov hlau galvanized tsis xeb tawm vim tias cov zinc xeb ua ntej (tseem hu ua cathodic protection). Muaj txawm tias lub npe, "sideways creep," rau qhov tshwm sim nrog cov hlau pleev xim (xeb creeping hauv qab cov xim) - thiab galvanizing yeej tiv thaiv nws.
4. Kev Hloov Kho Sai:Txawm hais tias siv cov khoom siv hnyav los xij, cov kauj ruam galvanizing tiag tiag yog ceev heev. Dai ib daim thiab muab tso rau hauv zinc tsuas yog siv ob peb feeb xwb. Kev npaj feem ntau yog kev ntxuav tshuaj, thiab lub Hoobkas uas khiav zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev txiav txim hauv ob peb hnub tag nrho. Qhov tseeb, cov khw muag galvanizing niaj hnub no muaj kev pabcuam 24 teev rau cov kev txiav txim me me.
5. Lub Neej Ua Haujlwm Ntev:Cov txheej galvanized tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov hlau tau ntau xyoo yam tsis tas yuav pleev xim dua. Hauv cov xwm txheej sab nraum zoov (kev lag luam lossis thaj chaw nyob deb nroog), nws feem ntau pom 50+ xyoo rau kev saib xyuas thawj zaug. Lub sijhawm ntev no feem ntau ua rau galvanizing pheej yig dua li kev pleev xim dua ib ntus rau lub sijhawm ntev.
6. Kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig:Cov txheej txheem galvanizing yog qhov huv si. Cov zinc uas siv lawm yog rov ua dua tshiab, thiab tsis muaj cov kuab tshuaj organic uas yaj tau zoo li hauv cov xim pleev xim. Cov hlau galvanized yog 100% rov ua dua tshiab thaum kawg ntawm lub neej. Cov pab pawg lag luam txawm hais tias galvanizing yog "tej zaum yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau ib puag ncig" kev tiv thaiv xeb muaj.
7. Qhov Tiav Pom Tau:Cov hlau galvanized feem ntau muaj cov yam ntxwvua paiblossis cov qauv zoo li paj daus ntawm nws qhov chaw. Cov siv lead ua nyiaj no yog cov zinc uas khov kho, thiab lawv ua rau cov chaw galvanized zoo li tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj cov txheej txheem kub-dip tiag tiag.
Cov Khoom Siv Zoo: Bonan Tech lub Hoobkas Galvanizing Yeeb Nkab
Cov khw muag khoom loj galvanizing siv cov tshuab hnyav los khiav cov txheej txheem no tas li. Piv txwv li, Bonan Technology Co., Ltd., ib lub tuam txhab tsim khoom siv, hais txog nws cov"Qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov yeeb nkab Galvanizing cog"ua los ntawm cov hlau zoo thiab cov khoom sib xyaw. Lawv cov kab ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg tswj txhua yam: jigs los dai cov kav dej, alkali degreasing tanks, acid pickles, flux stations, lub conveyor los ntawm zinc kettle, thiab quench tanks. Bonan sau tseg tias nws cov yeeb nkab galvanizing cog yog tsim los rau kev tsim khoom tas mus li thoob plaws txhua txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov yeeb nkab.
Daim Duab: Ib txoj kab galvanizing yeeb nkab uas ua haujlwm tas mus li. Cov chaw tsim khoom siv tsis siv neeg no txav cov yeeb nkab los ntawm kev ntxuav, kev ntws dej, thiab lub dab dej zinc uas yaj.
Hauv kab Bonan Tech, txhua kauj ruam raug tswj hwm kom zoo. Qhov tseeb, kev ua kom cov yeeb nkab galvanizing feem ntau ua raws li cov theem tshwj xeeb no:
Kev Ntxuav Caustic:Cov kav dej nkag mus rau hauv lub dab dej kub sodium-hydroxide kom tshem tawm cov roj thiab cov nplai zeb.
Kev kho mob acidic:Tom ntej no, lawv mus dhau ib qho chaw da dej acid (feem ntau yog HCl lossis H₂SO₄) kom yaj cov xeb thiab cov oxides seem.
Ntxuav thiab Fluxing:Tom qab ntxuav tas, cov kav dej raug muab tso rau hauv cov kua zinc-ammonium chloride flux, kom ntseeg tau tias cov hlau tsis muaj oxide ua ntej galvanizing.
Kev ziab:Cov dej noo ntawm cov hlau raug tshuab tawm lossis ua kom qhuav los ntawm lub tshuab ziab cua.
Kev Raus Dej (Da Dej Zinc):Cov kav dej raug xa mus rau hauv lub lauj kaub zinc uas yaj. Qhov kub dip npog lawv tag nrho nrog zinc.
Kev tua hluav taws:Thaum kawg, cov kav dej kub galvanized raug txias sai hauv dej lossis lub dab da dej kom xauv cov txheej.
Txhua lub yeeb nkab uas tawm los tam sim no muaj ib txheej zinc sib xws los tiv thaiv kev xeb. Raws li Bonan cov lus piav qhia, lawvTshuab Galvanizing Tsis Siv Neeg rau Cov Kav Dejmuaj peev xwm tswj tau "tag nrho cov kav dej uas yuav tsum tau galvanized", kom ntseeg tau tias txawm tias cov kav dej loj lossis me me tau txais cov txheej zinc kom raug.
Xaus lus
Lub dab da dej galvanizing tsis yog tsuas yog lub lauj kaub hlau xwb - nws yog qhov chaw ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tau ua pov thawj, kev tshawb fawb tsav tsheb uas muab cov hlau ua kom zoo li nws tus kheej. Txij li cov theem ntxuav mus rau qhov kub zinc immersion, txhua kauj ruam tau ua kom zoo tshaj plaws los tsim cov txheej txheem ruaj khov, sib txuas ua ke hlau. Peb tau pom tias cov hlau galvanized tsis tsuas yog tiv taus xeb xwb tab sis ua tau zoo heev - nrog ntau txheej alloys, tawv heev, thiab ntau xyoo ntawm kev pabcuam lub neej.
Txawm koj yog ib tug engineer uas teev ib lub choj lossis ib tug tswv tsev xaiv cov ncej laj kab, kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem da dej galvanizing pab piav qhia vim li cas cov hlau galvanized thiaj li ua tau zoo. Hauv ntej, sab hauv lub dab dej zinc uas yaj ntawd muaj ib lub tshuab tiv thaiv muaj zog thiab zoo kawg nkaus - ib qho uas yuav ua kom cov qauv hlau muaj kev nyab xeeb rau ntau tiam neeg.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-21-2025